Control de hipertensión arterial en el centrode Atención Primaria Arona-Costa II.Isla de Tenerife / Control of arterial hypertension in the Arona-Costa II. Primary Health Care Center. Tenerife Island

Si bien existen amplios estudios que indican que controlamos deficientemente a nuestros enfermos, éstos no están referidos a nuestro entorno, por lo que decidimos evaluar nuestro programa de hipertensión arterial. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo-transversal basado en la revisión de las historias clínicas de los pacientes registrados como hipertensos en 5 cupos del centro de salud Arona-Costa II, de la isla de Tenerife. De los 697 pacientes registrados fueron excluidos 280 por no cumplir los criterios previstos en el programa de hipertensión. El grado de control óptimo de nuestra muestra (< 13085 mmHg en diabéticos y < 140-90 mmHg en el resto) fue del 44,6 por ciento, cifras de las más altas encontradas en estudios con base poblacional de hipertensos en nuestro país. Los pacientes hipertensos sin otros factores de riesgo presentaron un control similar a los que tenían uno o dos factores asociados; sólo cuando se asociaron tres o más factores de riesgo el grado de control descendió de forma significativa (p<0,05).Los pacientes hipertensos diabéticos presentaron el grado de control más bajo; en nuestra muestra resultó ser un 24,4 por ciento (<130-85 mmHg).El grado de control de los pacientes sometidos a medidas higiénico-dietéticas exclusivamente (79,4 por ciento), fue significativamente mayor que el de aquellos con tratamiento farmacológico (41,6 por ciento). No encontramos diferencias en los grados de control obtenidos con la administración de los distintos fármacos, tanto si eran administrados en régimen de monoterapia o de politerapia (AU)

[Food habits and dietary intake during the first year of life]. / Hábitos alimentarios e ingesta dietética en el primer año de vida.

OBJECTIVE: To determine feeding habits and dietetic ingestion du-ring the first year of life and to assess whether these are in accordance with dietetic recommendations. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 171 healthy infants between 1 and 12 months old were studied. Two types of inquiry were carried out: 24-recall and weekly frequency of food. RESULTS: The percentage and duration of breastfeeding was low. Feeding with cows milk was more frequent than with breast milk from the age of 3 months. Thirty-eight per-cent of children had whole cows milk from the age of 6 months. Complementary feeding was introduced in accordance with international recommendations. The ingestion of energy and nutrients was also in accordance with the recommendations of the RDA during the first 6 months of life. In children aged 6-12 months, energy in-take was sufficient but diets were high in proteins and II-pIns and fairly high in carbohydrates. CONCLUSION: Ingestion of micronutrients and minerals are higher than is recommended except in the case of zinc.

Hábitos alimentarios e ingesta dietética en el primer año de vida / Dietetic ingestion and feeding habits during the first year of life

Scanear (AU)

[The prevalence of enteropathogens in urban day nurseries]. / Prevalencia de enteropatógenos en guarderías urbanas.

BACKGROUND: Survey on the intestinal pathogens prevalence in a population of preschool children attending to the urban day-nurseries. METHODS: Samples of faeces of 408 children and 31 adults, in their charge, were collected. The children were classified per sex, age and kind of day-nursery they were to; data on their physical condition and the faeces characteristics were obtained. RESULTS: Parasites were the enteropathogens, found with the greatest frequency (21% of children and 19% of adults), next were rotavirus (3% of the children's samples and only one case in adults). The cases of a double parasitization only were 0.74% of the total number of the children surveyed (3 children per each case). CONCLUSIONS: The highest prevalence of enteropathogens in children attending to the urban day-nurseries in our community belongs to the group of parasites; rotavirus are a much smaller group and bacterium are only isolated cases.

[Slow-release theophyllines: serum and saliva levels in asthmatic children]. / Teofilinas retardadas: niveles séricos y salivales en niños asmáticos.

A total of 42 children, aged from 5 to 13, all having been diagnosed as extrinsic asthma cases, were observed with the aim of establishing the average dose needed to maintain serum concentration by means of the administration of a slow-release theophylline preparation. The resultant average dose was of 20.14 +/- 3.2 mg/kg/day for the under-9s and of 19.00 +/- +/- 4.67 mg/kg/day for the older ones. The overall average was 20.08 +/- 3.31 mg/kg/day (range: 14.28 mg/kg/day-28 mg/kg/day). Statistical analysis of salivary and serum theophylline levels simultaneously obtained was carried out, reading a lineal correlation coefficient of 0.89 (p less than 0.001), while the equation for the regression-line relationship was: Se = 1.52.Sa + 0.75. The preparation, with doses every 12 hours, proved to be efficient in maintaining therapeutic levels in most cases. The use of respective salivary levels could prove useful in later observations carried out on these children.